Objective The constipation score scale for patients with severe craniocerebral injury was developed,and its reliability and validity were tested,providing an intuitive,effective and simple tool for assessing the risk degree of constipation in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods Guided by the framework of the theoretical study on the cause of constipation in patients with severe craniocerebral injury,a systematic literature analysis was conducted on this theme. A preliminary comprehensive pool of items was then formed,evaluated and supplemented through Delphi expert reviews. The preliminary investigation was conducted and the ambiguous items were revised. Finally,project analysis and exploratory factor analysis were employed to identify the best potential structure of the scale. The convenience sampling method was adopted to select 108 patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of a tertiary hospital in Jinzhong City,Shanxi Province from January to December 2019 as the research subjects,and a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results A pre-test questionnaire of 27 items was formed according to the results of expert letter consultation. 3 items that did not meet the standard were deleted after item analysis. 5 factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 66.347%. The 5 factors were named as intestinal peristalsis function,neuro-conscious dysfunction,excessive transport of intestinal water molecules,patient factor and medical personnel factor. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scoring scale was 0.908;the Cronbach’s α coefficient of each dimension was 0.830-0.957;the retest reliability was 0.879. Conclusion The constipation risk scale for patients with severe craniocerebral injury developed in this study has good reliability and validity. It can be used as an effective tool to evaluate the risk of constipation in patients with severe brain injury.